The landscape we see happens above ground, yet much of its true intelligence lies beneath the surface.

Long described as an “emerging” practice, landscape urbanism—with all of its ambiguity and complexity—has in fact already emerged and represents a significant 21st century design and planning ethos.

The ECW is one of the largest and most productive urban aquaculture treatment wetlands in the world. If designers are to construct complex, living systems they first need to understand how they work.

An extensive network of abandoned mine shafts and tunnels exist beneath Johannesburg. Today, these spaces are lost to time, long forgotten and abandoned below the surface of the Earth.

The Australian population is increasing at a rate of one person every 84 seconds. Taking population growth seriously means planning for an extra 40 million Australians by century’s end.

No territory in the United States exhibits a bigger tension between resource extraction and conservation of public lands than the North Slope of Alaska. This project is an exploration into uncertain trajectory of Alaska’s energy future through the manipulation of policy and infrastructure along the Trans-Alaska pipeline.

Migration is an instinct shared across many species, and a fundamental process for communities’ survival. Today, all kinds of populations are on the move in unprecedented and dramatic ways. Some migrations bring threats, perceived or real. The design of cities, landscapes and infrastructure can support or inhibit migrations. Scenario 6 explores selected facets of this complex topic, told from a range of disciplinary perspectives.

For a brief period at the turn of the last century, landscape architecture and forestry occupied the same physical and conceptual space through the work of Olmstead and Pinchot at the Biltmore Estate.

Extraction is an ugly process. Still, the vast resources present beneath the ground and the motivation to pull them to the surface are intimately tied to the settlement and permanent occupation of the landscape.

The forest carries deep cultural significance. Within the urban landscape, this ecologically complex system is also understood to perform a wide range of essential ecosystem services, from increasing property values to mitigating climate change. Reforesting cities is one of the defining trends of twenty first century urbanism, but there is little agreement about how our urban forests are to be designed, planned and managed.